Christian Stage

Articles by Christian Stage

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In the pharmaceutical world it is generally accepted that a valve can be exchanged for another when it becomes defective, provided that the new one is exactly the same as the old one.

Reading the good automated manufacturing practice (GAMP 4) guide acquaints you with the now classic and almost famous V-model.1 The V-model, originally used for describing a validation workflow of IT and automated systems, is easy to understand and very good at ensuring that the requirements and design are built into the final solution. It is also extremely versatile and can be used for almost any type of validation task you could meet in a development phase.

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