Vibha Jawa, PhD, chief scientific officer at EpiVax, explains why the need for animal studies varies by modality and what it takes for organ-on-chip and other human-relevant models to replace these studies in IND-enabling toxicology work.
Jaenisch, Muraru, and Pandey discuss how regulators will audit pharma against its own AI policies and ways QA and regulatory teams can build defensible, inspection-ready AI practices.
Mitigating nitrosamine risk requires assessing each product individually and chasing zero nitrite in pharmaceutical excipients is often impractical and costly.