Vibha Jawa, PhD, chief scientific officer at EpiVax, explains why the need for animal studies varies by modality and what it takes for organ-on-chip and other human-relevant models to replace these studies in IND-enabling toxicology work.

Impurity deficiencies in submissions are remarkably consistent. Subathra Ramamoorthy, Veranova, explains how to catch them before agency filing.

In October, FDA reorganized rare disease development around a fit-for-purpose framework and a new pathway for individualized gene editing. Regulators in Europe and the UK set out long-term plans for clinical trials, AI, and moving away from animal testing.

Subathra Ramamoorthy, Veranova, on how forced degradation and trace impurity profiling in potent APIs shape regulator-ready analytical methods.

The PharmTech team focused on its coverage of AAPS PharmSci 360 this week, conducting interviews with experts on a range of topics including formulation platforms, AI, amorphous solid dispersions, and animal studies.

Subathra Ramamoorthy, Veranova, on when to escalate to structural elucidation and pair orthogonal techniques when characterizing an impurity.

Manish Baviskar, Hubot CDMO, on ALCOA++ data integrity, model version change control, continuous monitoring, and human sign-off.

Manish Baviskar, Hubot CDMO, explains which AI skills validation engineers need first and why AI model updates must go through GMP change control.